文质彬彬·每日好词语 | 舒文载实

整理/王璟瑄 制图/李晗 张鲁沙（实习生）

　　舒文载实

　　诗歌的意义在于抒写文辞、传达情志。“舒文载实”属于诗歌创作论。“舒文”指组织安排词句，“载实”指承载、传达作者的情感心志，二者不可偏废。这一术语所传达的意旨，实际是儒家的文质观，即诗文创作要达到“文质彬彬”的均衡状态。如果只注重“文”，过多地修饰词句，文章就会显得虚浮；如果只注重“实”，又过于质朴粗野，文章则缺乏美感。故“文”“实”配合良好才是创作的首要原则。

　　Use Fine Wording to Voice Feelings and Aspirations

　　The essence of poetry is to convey feelings and aspirations through fine wording. Fine wording involves the proper arrangement of words and sentences, while the voicing of feelings and aspirations constitutes the material content of poetry. Neither of these aspects should be neglected in favor of the other. The term taken as a whole reflects the Confucian view on the relationship between form and substance; that is, writing should achieve a balance between these twin demands. If the writer pays too much attention to form, his writing will sound supercilious. If he is over mindful of substance, it will sound crude and devoid of artistic merit. Therefore, a good combination of form and substance should be the primary principle of poetic creation.

　　引例 是以“在心为志，发言为诗”，舒文载实，其在兹乎？（刘勰《文心雕龙·明诗》）（因此，“藏在心里就是情感意志，用语言把它表达出来就是诗歌”，诗歌抒写文辞、传达情志，它的意义就在于此吧？）

　　Therefore, "if hidden in his heart, it is his feelings or aspirations. Once expressed in words, it becomes poetry." That is what the writing of poetry is all about, is it not? (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)